Importantly, this potentiated V˙ E/ V˙CO 2 response contributes to dyspnea and exercise intolerance. A growing body of research has shown that the V˙ E/ V˙CO 2 response to exercise is elevated in conditions such as chronic heart failure (CHF), pulmonary hypertension (PH), interstitial lung disease (ILD), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The response of V˙ E relative to V˙CO 2 ( V˙ E/ V˙CO 2) is commonly termed ventilatory efficiency and is becoming a common physiological tool, in conjunction with other key variables such as operating lung volumes, to evaluate exercise responses in patients with chronic conditions. During exercise, ventilation ( V˙ E) increases in proportion to metabolic demand to maintain arterial blood gas and acid-base balance. MacDonald Centre for Lung Health, Covenant Health, Edmonton, AB, CanadaĬardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is a method for evaluating pulmonary and cardiocirculatory abnormalities, dyspnea, and exercise tolerance in healthy individuals and patients with chronic conditions. 3Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.2Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.1Clinical Physiology Laboratory, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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